In this article, we will Explain the Concept of Self-Efficacy and Suggest Ways to develop it among children.
Concept of Self-Efficacy.
Self-Efficacy refers to an individual’s belief in their ability to succeed in a particular task or situation. It is the confidence and faith one has in their skills, abilities, and knowledge to successfully accomplish a specific goal or outcome. Self-efficacy is a central concept in social cognitive theory, proposed by psychologist Albert Bandura.
According to Bandura, Self-Efficacy beliefs are formed through four sources of information: mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, social persuasion, and emotional and physiological states. Mastery experiences refer to past successes and failures in similar situations that influence one’s belief in their ability to perform a task. Vicarious experiences refer to observing others’ successes and failures in similar situations. Social persuasion refers to verbal and nonverbal messages from others that impact one’s self-efficacy beliefs. Lastly, emotional and physiological states refer to an individual’s emotional and physical reactions to a specific situation that can influence their self-efficacy beliefs.
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Individuals with high self-efficacy are more likely to take on challenging tasks, persist in the face of obstacles, and have better mental and physical health outcomes. On the other hand, individuals with low self-efficacy may experience anxiety, stress, and low motivation, leading to decreased performance and poorer health outcomes.
Self-Efficacy beliefs can be developed and strengthened through various methods, including setting achievable goals, using positive self-talk, practicing and gaining mastery through repeated experiences, and seeking support and feedback from others.
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