“Poverty amidst plenty, Nature is bountiful but Tribals are poor.” Explain this statement with respect to forest resources.

“Poverty amidst plenty, Nature is bountiful but Tribals are poor.”

This statement explains the conditions of the majority of the tribal population in our country. Many tribal people in our country live in areas with abundant natural resources like forests, minerals, and rivers. These resources are essential for their food, medicine, and livelihoods. However, development projects such as dam construction and mining have forced many tribal communities off their land. This has made it difficult for them to make a living from their traditional ways of farming and gathering resources from the forest. Their natural resource-based informal economy is mostly dependent on agriculture, both settled and Jhum and on other non-timber forest products (NTFP) such as medicinal herbs, edible flowers, leaves and fruits. They also get their small timber and firewood from the forest.

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The development projects often move tribal communities from their informal economy, which relies on farming and gathering, to a formal economy they are not used to. When they are compensated for their land, it is usually with money, which they may not know how to manage. Also, they may not receive compensation for the resources they used from the forest, which belonged to everyone in the community.

To address these issues, the Government of India passed a law called ‘The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006.’ This law aims to recognize the rights of tribal and forest-dwelling communities to their land and resources. It helps protect their way of life and ensures they are properly compensated for any land they lose due to development projects.

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