Welcome to our comprehensive guide on “Classification of Nervous System: Structure and Functions,” a key topic from the book of Psychology Class 11 Unit 3 of the West Bengal Board (WBCHSE). In this studymat, you’ll find detailed Notes from Psychology Class 11 Chapter 3. This is designed to clarify your understanding and help you excel in your Class 11 Psychology Semester 1 Exam. Additionally, this study material is a valuable resource for competitive exams for psychology students. Stay tuned as we dive into Psychology Class 11 Chapter 3 MCQs with Answers to enhance your grasp of this essential subject further.
Classification of Nervous System: Structure and Functions | Notes
The Nervous System is a complex network that controls everything we do, from breathing to thinking to moving. It is divided into two main parts: the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). Each part has specific structures and functions that work together to keep our body functioning properly.
1. Central Nervous System (CNS)
Structure:
- The CNS consists of the Brain and the Spinal Cord.
- The Brain is the control center of the body, located inside the skull. It is made up of different regions, each responsible for different functions, such as thinking, memory, emotions, and movement.
- The Spinal Cord is a long, thin bundle of nerves that runs down the spine. It connects the brain to the rest of the body and acts as a pathway for messages.
Functions:
- Brain: The Brain interprets sensory information (like sight and sound), makes decisions, controls movements, and regulates bodily functions such as breathing and heart rate. It also handles emotions and stores memories.
- Spinal Cord: The Spinal Cord relays messages between the brain and the body. It also controls reflexes, which are automatic responses to certain stimuli, such as pulling your hand back from something hot.
2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Structure:
- The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) includes all the nerves outside the CNS that connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.
- It is divided into the Somatic Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System.
Functions:
Somatic Nervous System:
- Controls voluntary movements, meaning movements we can consciously control, like walking, writing, or picking up objects.
- It carries sensory information from the senses (like touch, sight, and hearing) to the CNS, and then sends motor commands from the CNS to the muscles to make movements happen.
Autonomic Nervous System:
- Controls involuntary actions, which are actions we do not consciously control, like heart rate, digestion, and breathing.
- It is further divided into:
Sympathetic Nervous System: Prepares the body for action in stressful or emergency situations. This is known as the “fight or flight” response. It increases heart rate, dilates pupils, and slows down digestion to prepare the body to either fight or flee from danger.
Parasympathetic Nervous System: Helps the body calm down and conserve energy after a stressful situation. This is known as the “rest and digest” response. It slows the heart rate, constricts pupils, and stimulates digestion to help the body return to a relaxed state.
In summary, the Nervous System is essential for controlling and coordinating all the functions of the body. The CNS acts as the command center, processing information and making decisions, while the PNS carries out these commands and connects the CNS to the rest of the body. Together, they ensure that the body can respond to changes in the environment and maintain normal functioning.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):
- What is the Structure and the Function of the Nervous System?
- What are the Structural Classifications of the Nervous System Explain?
- What are the Classification of Neurons by Structure and Function?
- What is the Classification of the Nervous System and Its Functions?
- What are the Structural and Functional Classifications of the Nervous System?
- What is the Function and Classification of the Nervous System?
- What is the Structure and Function of the Nervous System?
- How many Types of Nervous Systems are in the Human Body?
- Nervous System Parts and Functions.
- Nervous System Definition and Function.
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